The behavior of sunflower hybrids set, in different soil and climatic conditions in Romania

Maria Joiţa-Păcureanu ^1,2, Victor Petcu^1,2, Gabriel Florin Anton ¹, Laurenţiu Ciornei² , 
Claudia Dunăreanu³, Elisabeta Sava⁴, Beatrice Pohariu⁵, Dragoș Pohariu⁶

 ¹NARDI Fundulea
²CSRAB Bucharest
³ ARDS Şimnic
⁴SIVTR Bucharest
⁵ UASVM Bucharest
⁶ SOYTEK Fundulea

 Keywords: sunflower, environment, oil content, oil quality

 Abstract: Sunflowers hold a high position at number four, on the list of the most important oil crops, over the world.
Improved genetic progress in sunflower is the production priority to enchance competitivenes with other crops and stability of yield and quality.
Sunflower seeds may help lower blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar, as they contain vitamin E, magnesium, protein, linoleic and oleic falty acids and other compounds.
The new type of sunflower oil can have: high oleic acid (>85%), high palmitic (>25%), high stearic acid (>25%), good content in tocopherols. All of them determine a good stability of oil as well as more healthy oil.
 There have been studied different sunflower genotypes, in different climatic conditions, in three locations, in two years.
We found that the oil quality is less affected by the environment than oil content. It was high influenced by soil and climate, the seed yield.
The sunflower genotypes have good ecostability for linoleic acid content. All corelations between oil and linoleic acid content are significant for most of genotypes.
The protein content in sunflower genotypes is high influenced by environment.